{"id":1927,"date":"2013-03-08T00:20:43","date_gmt":"2013-03-08T00:20:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.animalhealthfoundation.net\/blog\/?p=1927"},"modified":"2013-03-08T00:20:43","modified_gmt":"2013-03-08T00:20:43","slug":"parvovirus-a-serious-disease-that-needs-intensive-treatment","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.animalhealthfoundation.org\/blog\/2013\/03\/parvovirus-a-serious-disease-that-needs-intensive-treatment\/","title":{"rendered":"Parvovirus: A serious disease that needs intensive treatment"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.animalhealthfoundation.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/03\/parvo-pix1.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-1929\" title=\"parvo pix\" src=\"https:\/\/www.animalhealthfoundation.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/03\/parvo-pix1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"111\" height=\"93\" \/><\/a>Parvovirus is a potentially deadly viral infection that afflicts dogs, and treatment requires intensive care, writes veterinarian Karen Dye. The animal must be isolated because the virus is highly contagious, and care involves delivering intravenous fluids, monitoring and adjusting electrolyte levels, and treating secondary infections, writes Dr. Dye. An appropriate vaccination protocol is the best way to prevent parvovirus, she notes. Cats cannot contract parvovirus from dogs, but they do acquire a similar virus, panleukopenia, that can be deadly and must be treated by a veterinarian.<\/em><\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/r.smartbrief.com\/resp\/emkdCertqOCieezzCidncUCicNswMv?format=standard\" target=\"_blank\">The Culpeper Star-Exponent (Va.)<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Q: \u00a0 My puppy was diagnosed with parvovirus.\u00a0 Can I treat him from home?<\/p>\n<p>A: Ideally, puppies with parvovirus should be treated as inpatients in the hospital.\u00a0 Parvovirus infection is an acute systemic disease that requires prompt, intensive supportive care in the hospital to be most successful with treatment.<\/p>\n<div>\n<div id=\"in-story\">\n<div id=\"tncms-region-ads-in-story\"><!------ OAS AD 'BottomLeft' begin ------><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ads.bhmedianetwork.com\/RealMedia\/ads\/click_lx.ads\/starexponent.com\/entertainment_life\/columnists\/596557454\/Middle\/default\/empty.gif\/527275496e46456b42306b4143537461?x\" target=\"_top\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/imagec18.247realmedia.com\/RealMedia\/ads\/Creatives\/default\/empty.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><!------ OAS AD 'BottomLeft' end ------><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Signs include sudden onset of lethargy, bloody diarrhea, anorexia and vomiting.\u00a0 Some puppies may collapse and die without any signs.\u00a0 Dogs that are from kennels, animal shelters and pet stores are at greater risk.\u00a0 Also puppies that are younger than four months of age are at higher risk of severe infection.\u00a0\u00a0 Concurrent diseases such as intestinal parasites or other viruses such as coronavirus may exacerbate the illness.\u00a0 Crowding and poor sanitation increases risk of infection as well.<\/p>\n<p>Virus can be detected in the stool at the onset of disease and for 2-4 days afterward with in-house laboratory testing.\u00a0 Lymphopenia is very common (low lymphocyte counts) and leukocytosis is common during recovery (increased White Blood Cell count).<\/p>\n<p>Treatment is aimed at supportive, symptomatic care.\u00a0 Controlling vomiting is of essence.\u00a0 Correcting dehydration and electrolyte abnormalities are important as well.\u00a0 This is best done in the hospital with intravenous balanced fluid therapy.\u00a0 We are able to monitor patients\u2019 response if they are hospitalized.\u00a0 These patients do need to be hospitalized in isolation due to the highly contagious nature of the virus.\u00a0 Thorough disinfection is needed with a bleach solution to destroy canine parvovirus shed into the environment.\u00a0 Food and water is withheld until vomiting is controlled; once puppies are recovering, they should be fed a highly digestible, low fat diet.\u00a0\u00a0 Possible complications include secondary bacterial pneumonia, intussusception (prolapse of one portion of the intestine into the lumen of an adjoining segment of intestine), and septicemia (systemic bacterial infection).\u00a0 This is another reason to keep puppies being treated for parvovirus in the hospital.<\/p>\n<p>It is important to vaccinate appropriately for canine parvovirus.\u00a0 Puppies that are vaccinated with reputable vaccines at the appropriate age intervals should be protected from parvovirus.\u00a0\u00a0 75% of puppies vaccinated with efficacious products will have developed immunity at 12 weeks of age.\u00a0 Vaccination is not an effective control method in contaminated environments.<\/p>\n<p>Q: \u00a0 Can my puppy transmit parvovirus to my cat?<\/p>\n<p>A: \u00a0 No, canine parvovirus is specific to dogs, but there is a similar, related virus in cats.\u00a0 This virus is called feline panleukopenia virus and causes similar symptoms in cats as parvovirus does in dogs.<\/p>\n<p>Kittens between 8 weeks and 6 months of age are most susceptible to develop severe disease.\u00a0 Adult cats often have mild or subclinical infection.\u00a0 Exposure to this virus (like parvovirus in dogs) is more common in a shelter or cattery.\u00a0 The onset of disease is sudden and includes symptoms similar to parvovirus in dogs (vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia and lethargy).\u00a0 Dehydration occurs rapidly and may be severe.\u00a0 Kittens may be infected in utero or neonatally can develop cerebellar hypoplasia (stunted development of the cerebellum portion of the brain).\u00a0 This causes a drunken-like walk and incoordination.<\/p>\n<p>The main principles of treatment are rehydration with electrolyte balancing via intensive intravenous fluid therapy in the hospital.\u00a0 Sometimes, whole blood transfusions are required if plasma protein or total White Blood Cell Counts decrease enough.\u00a0 The virus remains infectious in the environment for years unless the premises can be adequately disinfected with bleach solution.<\/p>\n<p>Patients should be monitored for hydration status, electrolyte balance and Complete Blood Cell Counts.\u00a0 Most cases are acute and last only 5-7 days.\u00a0 If death does not occur during this time, recovery is usually rapid and uncomplicated.\u00a0 Concurrent upper respiratory infections may occur which makes the prognosis worse.<\/p>\n<p>Dr. Dye practices companion animal medicine and surgery at Clevengers Corner Veterinary Care.\u00a0 She and Dr. Watts can be reached at (540)428-1000 or through <a href=\"https:\/\/clevengerscorner.com\/\">ClevengersCorner.com<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Parvovirus is a potentially deadly viral infection that afflicts dogs, and treatment requires intensive care, writes veterinarian Karen Dye. The animal must be isolated because the virus is highly contagious, and care involves delivering intravenous fluids, monitoring and adjusting electrolyte levels, and treating secondary infections, writes Dr. Dye. An appropriate vaccination protocol is the best [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1927","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-medical-issues"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Parvovirus: A serious disease that needs intensive treatment | The Animal Health Foundation<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.animalhealthfoundation.org\/blog\/2013\/03\/parvovirus-a-serious-disease-that-needs-intensive-treatment\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Parvovirus: A serious disease that needs intensive treatment | The Animal Health Foundation\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Parvovirus is a potentially deadly viral infection that afflicts dogs, and treatment requires intensive care, writes veterinarian Karen Dye. The animal must be isolated because the virus is highly contagious, and care involves delivering intravenous fluids, monitoring and adjusting electrolyte levels, and treating secondary infections, writes Dr. Dye. 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